Braking is one of the most critical functions in an automobile, ensuring the safety of passengers and pedestrians alike. As vehicles have evolved over time, so have the braking systems, with advancements in technology leading to various types of braking mechanisms. In this article, we will explore the different types of braking systems used in … Read more
With the growing popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) as a cleaner and greener alternative to traditional internal combustion engine vehicles, the demand for efficient and intelligent charging solutions has intensified. Smart charging, also known as intelligent charging, represents a fundamental concept that aims to optimize the charging process of EVs by considering factors like grid … Read more
The world has long been dependent on petroleum as the primary source of energy, powering our transportation, industries, and daily lives. However, as concerns about climate change and finite fossil fuel reserves grow, it is becoming increasingly urgent to seek sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to meet our energy needs. In this article, we will … Read more
When it comes to purchasing a new car, one of the most important decisions you’ll make is choosing the type of drivetrain that’s right for you. There are three main options: four-wheel drive (4WD), two-wheel drive (2WD), and all-wheel drive (AWD). Each has its advantages and disadvantages, and understanding them is essential to making an … Read more
1 Galvanic Corrosion Galvanic corrosion is also known as bimetallic corrosion, as the name suggests two different types of metal, when two dissimilar metals kept together directly or indirectly, in one of the metals corrosion rate occurs at a faster pace and the other metal remains unaffected. There is basically a galvanic couple that forms … Read more
Sensitization Sensitization is a term used to describe the precipitation of carbides at the grain boundaries of metals or alloys generally during high-temperature exposure. In most cases, carbides are formed due to depleted levels of chromium and other corrosion resistance elements and, because of this steel is in danger of intergranular corrosion (IGC) or intergranular … Read more
The condition of corrosion in a concrete or metal element is determined through electrochemical corrosion testing. Electrochemical corrosion testing, which is based on electrochemical theory, evaluates corrosion damage and, when possible, determines corrosion rates. All corrosion is an electrochemical reaction involving oxidation and reduction. To assess the corrosion characteristics of metals and metal components in … Read more
Working Principle of Electrical Discharge Machining EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining) is a method through which metal is removed by using an electrical spark, the temperature at which this removal happens is around 8000 to 12000 degrees Celsius. In this process, spark always takes place in the dielectric of deionized water. In this distilled water … Read more
Introduction In AISI 316L the “L” stands for “low carbon” content. The carbon quantity present in AISI 316L stainless steel must be ≤ 0.03. and in AISI 316 it must be ≤ 0.07. AISI 316L is a widely used steel and applications varying from medical devices to military equipments. This is actually the second most common stainless steel after … Read more
Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) The invention of wire arc-additive manufacturing (WAAM) is driven by the demand for better manufacturing efficiency in engineering constructions, presently called a direct energy repositioning arc (DED-arc). Its ability to produce very close to the net form provides the potential for significant cost and lead times reductions without needing … Read more